{"id":68359,"date":"2022-02-21T11:21:30","date_gmt":"2022-02-21T03:21:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/mi-az-a-raman-spektroszkopia\/"},"modified":"2022-02-21T11:24:23","modified_gmt":"2022-02-21T03:24:23","slug":"mi-az-a-raman-spektroszkopia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/mi-az-a-raman-spektroszkopia\/","title":{"rendered":"Mi az a Raman-spektroszk\u00f3pia?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman-spektroszk\u00f3pia egy roncsol\u00e1smentes k\u00e9miai elemz\u00e9si technika, amely r\u00e9szletes inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat ny\u00fajt a k\u00e9miai szerkezetr\u0151l, f\u00e1zisr\u00f3l \u00e9s polimorfi\u00e1r\u00f3l, krist\u00e1lyoss\u00e1gr\u00f3l \u00e9s molekul\u00e1ris k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nhat\u00e1sokr\u00f3l. Ez a f\u00e9ny \u00e9s az anyagon bel\u00fcli k\u00e9miai k\u00f6t\u00e9sek k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nhat\u00e1s\u00e1n alapul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman egy f\u00e9nysz\u00f3r\u00e1si technika, melynek sor\u00e1n egy molekula sz\u00f3rja a nagy intenzit\u00e1s\u00fa l\u00e9zerf\u00e9nyforr\u00e1sb\u00f3l \u00e9rkez\u0151 f\u00e9nyt. A sz\u00f3rt f\u00e9ny nagy r\u00e9sze ugyanazon a hull\u00e1mhosszon (vagy sz\u00edn\u0171), mint a l\u00e9zerforr\u00e1s, \u00e9s nem ad hasznos inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat \u2013 ezt Rayleigh Scatternek h\u00edvj\u00e1k. Azonban kis mennyis\u00e9g\u0171 f\u00e9ny (tipikusan 0,0000001%) k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 hull\u00e1mhosszakon (vagy sz\u00edneken) sz\u00f3r\u00f3dik, ami az analit k\u00e9miai szerkezet\u00e9t\u0151l f\u00fcgg \u2013 ezt Raman-sz\u00f3r\u00e1snak nevezik.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"\/\/i0.wp.com\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-1.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"813\" src=\"\/\/i0.wp.com\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-1-1024x813.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-67647\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-1-1024x813.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-1-68x54.jpg 68w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-1-600x477.jpg 600w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-1-64x51.jpg 64w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-1-300x238.jpg 300w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-1-768x610.jpg 768w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u00c1bra. 1: Raman elv<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman-spektrum sz\u00e1mos cs\u00facsot tartalmaz, amelyek a Raman-sz\u00f3rt f\u00e9ny intenzit\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9s hull\u00e1mhossz-poz\u00edci\u00f3j\u00e1t mutatj\u00e1k. Minden cs\u00facs egy adott molekul\u00e1ris k\u00f6t\u00e9srezg\u00e9snek felel meg, bele\u00e9rtve az egyedi k\u00f6t\u00e9seket, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a CC, C=C, NO, CH stb., valamint a k\u00f6t\u00e9scsoportokat, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a benzolgy\u0171r\u0171 l\u00e9gz\u00e9si m\u00f3d, polimer l\u00e1nc rezg\u00e9sek, r\u00e1csos m\u00f3dok stb.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"\/\/i0.wp.com\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/i0.wp.com\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-2-1024x645.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-67661\" width=\"393\" height=\"247\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-2-1024x645.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-2-86x54.jpg 86w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-2-600x378.jpg 600w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-2-64x40.jpg 64w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-2-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-2-768x484.jpg 768w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 393px) 100vw, 393px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u00c1bra. 2: Tipikus Raman-spektrum, ebben az esetben az aszpirin (4-acetilszalicilsav). A be\u00e9p\u00edtett k\u00e9p a spektrumban jelenl\u00e9v\u0151 r\u00e9szleteket mutatja<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Raman-spektroszk\u00f3pia \u00e1ltal szolg\u00e1ltatott inform\u00e1ci\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman-spektroszk\u00f3pia egy anyag k\u00e9miai szerkezet\u00e9t vizsg\u00e1lja, \u00e9s inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat ny\u00fajt a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151kr\u0151l:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>K\u00e9miai szerkezet \u00e9s azonoss\u00e1g<\/li><li>F\u00e1zis \u00e9s polimorfizmus<\/li><li>Bels\u0151 stressz\/fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g<\/li><li>Szennyez\u0151d\u00e9s \u00e9s szennyez\u0151d\u00e9s<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman-spektrum jellemz\u0151en egy meghat\u00e1rozott k\u00e9miai ujjlenyomat egy adott molekul\u00e1hoz vagy anyaghoz, \u00e9s felhaszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 az anyag nagyon gyors azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra vagy m\u00e1sokt\u00f3l val\u00f3 megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztet\u00e9s\u00e9re. A Raman spektrumk\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rakat gyakran haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k egy anyag Raman-spektruma alapj\u00e1n t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u2013 a t\u00f6bb ezer spektrumot tartalmaz\u00f3 k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rakat gyorsan keresik, hogy megtal\u00e1lj\u00e1k az analit spektrum\u00e1val val\u00f3 egyez\u00e9st.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"\/\/i0.wp.com\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-3.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"497\" src=\"\/\/i0.wp.com\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-3-1024x497.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-67675\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-3-1024x497.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-3-90x44.jpg 90w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-3-600x292.jpg 600w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-3-64x31.jpg 64w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-3-300x146.jpg 300w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-3-768x373.jpg 768w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-3.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u00c1bra. 3. \u00e1bra: Az etanol \u00e9s a metanol Raman-spektruma, amely bemutatja azokat a jelent\u0151s spektr\u00e1lis k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9geket, amelyek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik a k\u00e9t folyad\u00e9k megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztet\u00e9s\u00e9t.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"\/\/i0.wp.com\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"\/\/i0.wp.com\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-67689\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-90x90.jpg 90w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-54x54.jpg 54w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-64x64.jpg 64w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-450x450.jpg 450w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4-96x96.jpg 96w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-4.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u00c1bra. 4: \u00c1sv\u00e1nyi eloszl\u00e1s<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lek\u00e9pez\u00e9si (vagy k\u00e9palkot\u00f3) Raman-rendszerekkel kombin\u00e1lva a minta Raman-spektruma alapj\u00e1n lehet k\u00e9peket gener\u00e1lni. Ezek a k\u00e9pek az egyes k\u00e9miai komponensek, polimorfok \u00e9s f\u00e1zisok eloszl\u00e1s\u00e1t, valamint a krist\u00e1lyoss\u00e1g v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s\u00e1t mutatj\u00e1k be.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Raman-spektroszk\u00f3pia kvalitat\u00edv \u00e9s kvantitat\u00edv is.<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos spektrumprofil (cs\u00facs helyzete \u00e9s relat\u00edv cs\u00facsintenzit\u00e1sa) egyedi k\u00e9miai ujjlenyomatot biztos\u00edt, amely felhaszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 egy anyag azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s m\u00e1sokt\u00f3l val\u00f3 megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztet\u00e9s\u00e9re. A t\u00e9nyleges spektrum gyakran meglehet\u0151sen \u00f6sszetett, ez\u00e9rt \u00e1tfog\u00f3 Raman spektrumk\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rakat lehet keresni, hogy megtal\u00e1lj\u00e1k a megfelel\u0151t, \u00e9s \u00edgy k\u00e9miai azonos\u00edt\u00e1st biztos\u00edtsanak.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A spektrum intenzit\u00e1sa egyenesen ar\u00e1nyos a koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3val. Jellemz\u0151en kalibr\u00e1ci\u00f3s elj\u00e1r\u00e1st alkalmaznak a cs\u00facsintenzit\u00e1s \u00e9s a koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3 k\u00f6z\u00f6tti kapcsolat meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1ra, majd rutin m\u00e9r\u00e9sekkel lehet elemezni a koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3t. A kever\u00e9kekn\u00e9l a relat\u00edv cs\u00facsintenzit\u00e1sok a komponensek relat\u00edv koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1r\u00f3l adnak inform\u00e1ci\u00f3t, m\u00edg az abszol\u00fat cs\u00facsintenzit\u00e1sok az abszol\u00fat koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3hoz haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Ramant mikroszk\u00f3pos elemz\u00e9shez haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"\/\/i0.wp.com\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-5.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"\/\/i0.wp.com\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-5-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-67703\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-5-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-5-81x54.jpg 81w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-5-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-5-64x43.jpg 64w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-5-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-5-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/qvarz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/What-is-Raman-Spectroscopy-5.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u00c1bra. 5: Egy modern Raman mikroszk\u00f3p rendszer<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman spektroszk\u00f3pia mikroszk\u00f3pos elemz\u00e9sre haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3, 0,5-1 \u00b5m nagys\u00e1grend\u0171 t\u00e9rbeli felbont\u00e1ssal. Az ilyen elemz\u00e9s Raman mikroszk\u00f3p seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel lehets\u00e9ges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman-mikroszk\u00f3p egy Raman-spektrom\u00e9tert csatlakoztat egy szabv\u00e1nyos optikai mikroszk\u00f3phoz, lehet\u0151v\u00e9 t\u00e9ve a minta nagy nagy\u00edt\u00e1s\u00fa megjelen\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s a Raman-elemz\u00e9st egy mikroszk\u00f3pos l\u00e9zerponttal. A Raman mikroanal\u00edzis egyszer\u0171: egyszer\u0171en helyezze a mint\u00e1t a mikroszk\u00f3p al\u00e1, f\u00f3kusz\u00e1ljon, \u00e9s v\u00e9gezzen m\u00e9r\u00e9st.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Egy val\u00f3di konfok\u00e1lis Raman mikroszk\u00f3p haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 mikron m\u00e9ret\u0171 r\u00e9szecsk\u00e9k vagy t\u00e9rfogatok elemz\u00e9s\u00e9re. Haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 ak\u00e1r t\u00f6bbr\u00e9teg\u0171 mint\u00e1k k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 r\u00e9tegeinek (pl. polimer bevonatok), illetve \u00e1tl\u00e1tsz\u00f3 minta fel\u00fclete alatti szennyez\u0151d\u00e9sek \u00e9s jellemz\u0151k (pl. \u00fcvegben l\u00e9v\u0151 szennyez\u0151d\u00e9sek, \u00e1sv\u00e1nyokban l\u00e9v\u0151 folyad\u00e9k\/g\u00e1z z\u00e1rv\u00e1nyok) elemz\u00e9s\u00e9re is.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A motoriz\u00e1lt lek\u00e9pez\u00e9si fokozatok lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik Raman spektr\u00e1lis k\u00e9pek el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t, amelyek sok ezer Raman-spektrumot tartalmaznak, amelyeket a minta k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 helyeir\u0151l szereztek. A Raman-spektrum alapj\u00e1n hamis sz\u00ednes k\u00e9pek k\u00e9sz\u00edthet\u0151k \u2013 ezek az egyes k\u00e9miai komponensek eloszl\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9s m\u00e1s hat\u00e1sok, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul f\u00e1zis, polimorfizmus, fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\/ny\u00fal\u00e1s \u00e9s krist\u00e1lyoss\u00e1g v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s\u00e1t mutatj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Raman-mikroszk\u00f3pia t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A HORIBA Scientific jelenleg a Raman m\u0171szerez\u00e9s f\u0151 \u00faj\u00edt\u00f3it foglalja mag\u00e1ban az 1960-as \u00e9vekt\u0151l az 1990-es \u00e9vekig \u2013 Spex Industries, Coderg\/Lirinord\/Dilor \u00e9s Jobin Yvon. A kezdetekt\u0151l napjainkig a HORIBA Scientific \u00e9s t\u00e1rsult v\u00e1llalatai \u00e9len j\u00e1rtak a Raman-spektroszk\u00f3pia fejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9ben.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman-mikroszk\u00f3pot Lille-ben, Franciaorsz\u00e1gban fejlesztett\u00e9k ki Michel Delhaye professzor \u00e9s Edouard DaSilva ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1sa alatt, \u00e9s a kereskedelemben MOLE\u2122 (Molecular Optics Laser Examiner) n\u00e9ven a Lirinord (ma HORIBA Scientific) gy\u00e1rtotta. Castaing elektronmikroszk\u00f3pj\u00e1nak molekul\u00e1ris anal\u00f3gjak\u00e9nt fejlesztett\u00e9k ki. Mint ilyen, k\u00f6t\u00e9si inform\u00e1ci\u00f3t biztos\u00edt a kondenz\u00e1lt f\u00e1zis\u00fa anyagokon; A molekul\u00e1ris k\u00f6t\u00e9sek kimutat\u00e1sa mellett a krist\u00e1lyos f\u00e1zis \u00e9s m\u00e1s finomabb hat\u00e1sok azonos\u00edt\u00e1sa is jelent\u0151s \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9snek bizonyult.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A mikroszk\u00f3p kezdetben a p\u00e1szt\u00e1z\u00f3 kett\u0151s r\u00e1csos monokrom\u00e1torral volt integr\u00e1lva (1972 k\u00f6r\u00fcl). Amikor a nagy \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u0171, alacsony zajszint\u0171 t\u00f6bbcsatorn\u00e1s detektorok el\u00e9rhet\u0151v\u00e9 v\u00e1ltak (az 1980-as \u00e9vek k\u00f6zep\u00e9n), a mikroszk\u00f3p integr\u00e1lt komponensek\u00e9nt bevezett\u00e9k a h\u00e1roml\u00e9pcs\u0151s spektrogr\u00e1fokat. 1990-ben a holografikus bev\u00e1g\u00e1sos sz\u0171r\u0151kr\u0151l bebizonyosodott, hogy kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 l\u00e9zerelnyom\u00e1st tesznek lehet\u0151v\u00e9, \u00edgy a Raman-mikroszk\u00f3p egyl\u00e9pcs\u0151s spektrogr\u00e1fra \u00e9p\u00edthet\u0151, \u00e9s fokozott \u00e9rz\u00e9kenys\u00e9get biztos\u00edt. Az eredeti p\u00e1szt\u00e1z\u00f3 kett\u0151s monokrom\u00e1torokhoz k\u00e9pest az \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edthat\u00f3 spektrumok gy\u0171jt\u00e9si ideje (felbont\u00e1s \u00e9s jel-zaj adott l\u00e9zerteljes\u00edtm\u00e9nyhez) most legal\u00e1bb k\u00e9t-h\u00e1rom nagys\u00e1grenddel magasabb, mint 35 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ezeket az alapvet\u0151 innov\u00e1ci\u00f3kat az \u00e9szak-franciaorsz\u00e1gi HORIBA Tudom\u00e1nyos Laborat\u00f3riumban vezett\u00e9k be azok a tud\u00f3sok \u00e9s m\u00e9rn\u00f6k\u00f6k, akiket Delhaye professzor laborat\u00f3rium\u00e1ban k\u00e9peztek ki, kihaszn\u00e1lva a rendelkez\u00e9sre \u00e1ll\u00f3 hardvert. Ez mag\u00e1ban foglalta a holografikus r\u00e1csokat, a hornyos sz\u0171r\u0151ket, a l\u00e9gh\u0171t\u00e9ses l\u00e9zereket, a t\u00f6bbcsatorn\u00e1s detektorokat (el\u0151sz\u00f6r er\u0151s\u00edtett di\u00f3dat\u00f6mb\u00f6k, majd a CCD-k), a nagy teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u0171 sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9peket, valamint a kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 elektronikai \u00e9s szoftverfejleszt\u00e9seket.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman-technika leg\u00fajabb fejleszt\u00e9sei k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartozik az SRS (stimul\u00e1lt Raman-sz\u00f3r\u00e1s), a SERS (felsz\u00edni fokozott Raman-sz\u00f3r\u00e1s), a TERS (hegyekkel tov\u00e1bbfejlesztett Raman-sz\u00f3r\u00e1s), az elektronmikroszk\u00f3pokkal \u00e9s az atomer\u0151-mikroszk\u00f3pokkal val\u00f3 integr\u00e1ci\u00f3, a hibrid egypados rendszerek (pl. Raman-PL). , Epifluoreszcencia, Photocurrent), Transmission Raman (a val\u00f3di \u00f6mlesztett anyag elemz\u00e9s\u00e9hez).<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A HORIBA Scientific \u00e9s t\u00e1rsult v\u00e1llalatai \u00e1ltal az ipar\u00e1gban bet\u00f6lt\u00f6tt vezet\u0151 szerepnek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en j\u00f3l felszerelt alkalmaz\u00e1slaborat\u00f3riumok magasan k\u00e9pzett tud\u00f3sokkal t\u00f6bb mint 30 \u00e9ve folyamatosan dolgoznak ezen innovat\u00edv m\u0171szerek alkalmaz\u00e1sainak fejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9ben.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A Raman seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel elemzett mint\u00e1k t\u00edpusa<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman sz\u00e1mos k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 minta elemz\u00e9s\u00e9re haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3. \u00c1ltal\u00e1ban a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k elemz\u00e9s\u00e9re alkalmas:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Szil\u00e1rd anyagok, porok, folyad\u00e9kok, g\u00e9lek, zagyok \u00e9s g\u00e1zok<\/li><li>Szervetlen, szerves \u00e9s biol\u00f3giai anyagok<\/li><li>Tiszta vegyszerek, kever\u00e9kek \u00e9s oldatok<\/li><li>F\u00e9moxidok \u00e9s korr\u00f3zi\u00f3<\/li><\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c1ltal\u00e1ban nem alkalmas a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151k elemz\u00e9s\u00e9re:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>F\u00e9mek \u00e9s \u00f6tv\u00f6zeteik<\/li><\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tipikus p\u00e9ld\u00e1k a Raman manaps\u00e1g haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1ra:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>M\u0171v\u00e9szet \u00e9s r\u00e9g\u00e9szet \u2013 pigmentek, ker\u00e1mi\u00e1k \u00e9s dr\u00e1gak\u00f6vek jellemz\u00e9se<\/li><li>Sz\u00e9nanyagok \u2013 nanocs\u00f6vek szerkezete \u00e9s tisztas\u00e1ga, hiba\/rendelleness\u00e9g jellemz\u00e9se<\/li><li>K\u00e9mia \u2013 szerkezet, tisztas\u00e1g \u00e9s reakci\u00f3figyel\u00e9s<\/li><li>Geol\u00f3gia \u2013 \u00e1sv\u00e1nyazonos\u00edt\u00e1s \u00e9s -eloszl\u00e1s, folyad\u00e9kz\u00e1rv\u00e1nyok \u00e9s f\u00e1zis\u00e1talakul\u00e1sok<\/li><li>\u00c9lettudom\u00e1nyok \u2013 egysejtek \u00e9s sz\u00f6vetek, gy\u00f3gyszerk\u00f6lcs\u00f6nhat\u00e1sok, betegs\u00e9gek diagnosztiz\u00e1l\u00e1sa<\/li><li>Gy\u00f3gyszer\u00e9szet \u2013 tartalom egys\u00e9gess\u00e9ge \u00e9s komponenseloszl\u00e1sa<\/li><li>F\u00e9lvezet\u0151k \u2013 tisztas\u00e1g, \u00f6tv\u00f6zet \u00f6sszet\u00e9tel, bels\u0151 fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g\/ny\u00fal\u00e1s mikroszk\u00f3p.<\/li><\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Szil\u00e1rd anyagok, folyad\u00e9kok \u00e9s g\u00e1zok elemz\u00e9se<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Raman-spektrum szinte minden olyan mint\u00e1b\u00f3l nyerhet\u0151, amely val\u00f3di molekul\u00e1ris k\u00f6t\u00e9st tartalmaz. Ez azt jelenti, hogy szil\u00e1rd anyagok, porok, zagyok, folyad\u00e9kok, g\u00e9lek \u00e9s g\u00e1zok elemezhet\u0151k Raman-spektroszk\u00f3pi\u00e1val.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e1r a g\u00e1zok Raman-spektroszk\u00f3pi\u00e1val elemezhet\u0151k, a molekul\u00e1k koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3ja a g\u00e1zban jellemz\u0151en nagyon alacsony, \u00edgy a m\u00e9r\u00e9s gyakran nagyobb kih\u00edv\u00e1st jelent. \u00c1ltal\u00e1ban speci\u00e1lis berendez\u00e9sekre van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul nagyobb teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u0171 l\u00e9zerekre \u00e9s hossz\u00fa \u00fathossz\u00fas\u00e1g\u00fa mintacell\u00e1kra. Bizonyos esetekben, ahol a g\u00e1znyom\u00e1s magas (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul g\u00e1zz\u00e1rv\u00e1nyok \u00e1sv\u00e1nyi anyagokban), k\u00f6nnyen haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a szabv\u00e1nyos Raman m\u0171szer.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Elemz\u00e9s anyagok kever\u00e9k\u00e9b\u0151l<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az anyagb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 Raman-spektrum Raman-inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat fog tartalmazni minden olyan molekul\u00e1r\u00f3l, amely a rendszer elemz\u00e9si t\u00e9rfogat\u00e1n bel\u00fcl van. \u00cdgy, ha molekul\u00e1k kever\u00e9ke van, a Raman-spektrum cs\u00facsokat tartalmaz, amelyek az \u00f6sszes k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 molekul\u00e1t reprezent\u00e1lj\u00e1k. Ha a komponensek ismertek, a relat\u00edv cs\u00facsintenzit\u00e1sok felhaszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3k a kever\u00e9k \u00f6sszet\u00e9tel\u00e9re vonatkoz\u00f3 mennyis\u00e9gi inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra. Komplex m\u00e1trixok eset\u00e9n a kemometriai m\u00f3dszerek is alkalmazhat\u00f3k kvantitat\u00edv m\u00f3dszerek fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.horiba.com\/int\/raman-imaging-and-spectroscopy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forr\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Raman-spektroszk\u00f3pia egy roncsol\u00e1smentes k\u00e9miai elemz\u00e9si technika, amely r\u00e9szletes inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat ny\u00fajt a k\u00e9miai szerkezetr\u0151l, f\u00e1zisr\u00f3l \u00e9s polimorfi\u00e1r\u00f3l, krist\u00e1lyoss\u00e1gr\u00f3l \u00e9s molekul\u00e1ris k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nhat\u00e1sokr\u00f3l. Ez a f\u00e9ny \u00e9s az anyagon bel\u00fcli k\u00e9miai k\u00f6t\u00e9sek k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nhat\u00e1s\u00e1n alapul. A Raman egy f\u00e9nysz\u00f3r\u00e1si technika, melynek sor\u00e1n egy molekula sz\u00f3rja a nagy intenzit\u00e1s\u00fa l\u00e9zerf\u00e9nyforr\u00e1sb\u00f3l \u00e9rkez\u0151 f\u00e9nyt. A sz\u00f3rt f\u00e9ny nagy r\u00e9sze ugyanazon a<\/p>\n<div class=\"klb-readmore entry-button\"><a class=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/mi-az-a-raman-spektroszkopia\/\">Read More<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","ub_ctt_via":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[813,832],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-minden-bejegyzes","category-spektrofotometria-hu"],"featured_image_src":null,"author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"bacola-woo-product":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false,"variation_swatches_image_size":false,"variation_swatches_tooltip_size":false,"dgwt-wcas-product-suggestion":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"A Raman-spektroszk\u00f3pia egy roncsol\u00e1smentes k\u00e9miai elemz\u00e9si technika, amely r\u00e9szletes inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat ny\u00fajt a k\u00e9miai szerkezetr\u0151l, f\u00e1zisr\u00f3l \u00e9s polimorfi\u00e1r\u00f3l, krist\u00e1lyoss\u00e1gr\u00f3l \u00e9s molekul\u00e1ris k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nhat\u00e1sokr\u00f3l. Ez a f\u00e9ny \u00e9s az anyagon bel\u00fcli k\u00e9miai k\u00f6t\u00e9sek k\u00f6lcs\u00f6nhat\u00e1s\u00e1n alapul. A Raman egy f\u00e9nysz\u00f3r\u00e1si technika, melynek sor\u00e1n egy molekula sz\u00f3rja a nagy intenzit\u00e1s\u00fa l\u00e9zerf\u00e9nyforr\u00e1sb\u00f3l \u00e9rkez\u0151 f\u00e9nyt. A sz\u00f3rt f\u00e9ny nagy r\u00e9sze ugyanazon aRead&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68359","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=68359"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68359\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":68362,"href":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/68359\/revisions\/68362"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=68359"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=68359"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qvarz.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=68359"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}